{"id":301,"date":"2025-08-11T13:01:13","date_gmt":"2025-08-11T13:01:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/esencaninternational.com\/?p=301"},"modified":"2025-08-18T11:22:24","modified_gmt":"2025-08-18T11:22:24","slug":"salgin-hastaliklar-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/esencaninternational.com\/tr\/salgin-hastaliklar-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Gastroenteroloji Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Gastroenteroloji, i\u00e7 hastal\u0131klar\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne dahil olan sindirim sistemi hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ile ilgilenen bilim dal\u0131d\u0131r. A\u011f\u0131zdan an\u00fcse kadar t\u00fcm sindirim sistemi organlar\u0131n\u0131n bozukluklar\u0131n\u0131 inceler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Hangi organlar\u0131 inceler?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A\u011f\u0131z<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yutak<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yemek Borusu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mide<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Oniki Parmak Ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011f\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0130nce Ba\u011f\u0131rsak<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kal\u0131n Ba\u011f\u0131rsak<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Safra Kesesi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pankreas<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Endoskopik tetkikler aras\u0131nda gastroskopi, duodenoskopi, rektosigmoidoskopi, kolonoskopi gibi uygulamalar mevcuttur. Gastroenteroloji\u2019de endoskopik tan\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ultrason tekni\u011fine de s\u0131k\u00e7a ba\u015fvurulur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Gastroenterolog kimdir?<\/strong><br>Gastroenterolog, gastroentoloji bilim dal\u0131 ile ilgilenen hekime denir. Gastroenterologlar\u0131n dahiliye ihtisas\u0131ndan sonra, gastroenteroloji yan dal ihtisas\u0131 yapmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Hangi hastal\u0131klarla ilgilenir?<\/strong><br>Sindirim sistemi organlar\u0131n\u0131n;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mide \u00fclseri, mide kanamalar\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Refl\u00fc hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gastrit<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sar\u0131l\u0131k<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Siroz<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Spastik kolon (irritabl ba\u011f\u0131rsak sendromu: \u0130BS)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Safra kesesi ta\u015flar\u0131 ve iltihab\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Haz\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0130shaller<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kolitler (\u00fclseratif kolit, chran)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kab\u0131zl\u0131k<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Karaci\u011fer hastal\u0131klar\u0131 (A,B,C hepatit, siroz, karaci\u011fer ya\u011flanmas\u0131, sar\u0131l\u0131klar)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ailevi akdeniz ate\u015fi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pankreas iltihaplar\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kanserler (yemek borusu, mide, ba\u011f\u0131rsak, karaci\u011fer, pankreas)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hemoroid (mayas\u0131l, basur)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>gibi bilinen hastal\u0131klar\u0131na \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm arar. Yukar\u0131daki s\u0131ral\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131 detayl\u0131 incelemek daha yararl\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Gastrointestinal kanal hastal\u0131klar\u0131<\/strong><br>Yemek borusu hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n genel ad\u0131na gastrointestinal kanal hastal\u0131klar\u0131 denilmektedir. Yemek borusunda yutma g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne neden olan rahats\u0131zl\u0131klar, yemek borusuna ka\u00e7an kesici delici yabanc\u0131 maddeler ve i\u00e7ilen zararl\u0131 yabanc\u0131 i\u00e7eceklerin sebep oldu\u011fu yemek borusundaki kanama ve tahribata u\u011fram\u0131\u015f alanlar\u0131n tan\u0131 ve tedavisi ile ilgilenilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Mide hastal\u0131klar\u0131<\/strong><br>Gastrit, mide \u00fclseri, refl\u00fc hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, mide kanserleri ve mideden kaynaklanan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc kanaman\u0131n tan\u0131 ve tedavisi ile gastroenteroloji bilimi ilgilenmektedir. Mideye ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015f tehlikeli yabanc\u0131 maddelerin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 da bu bilim dal\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6revi i\u00e7erisindedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Safra yolu hastal\u0131klar\u0131<\/strong><br>Safra kesesi ta\u015flar\u0131 ve iltihab\u0131, safra yolu hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ve kanserlerinin tan\u0131 ve te\u015fhisi, safra yolu ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 ile bu bilim dal\u0131 ilgilenmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca ameliyat i\u00e7in ge\u00e7 kal\u0131nm\u0131\u015f safra kanal\u0131 kanserlerine stent yerle\u015ftirilmesi gibi tedaviler gastroenterologlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kolon hastal\u0131klar\u0131<\/strong><br>Spastik kolon, \u00fclseratif kolit, crohn hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, kolon kaynakl\u0131 kanamalar, divertik\u00fcller, kolon kanserlerinin te\u015fhisi gibi alanlarda gastroenterologlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131na girmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Anal b\u00f6lge hastal\u0131klar\u0131<\/strong><br>Hemoroid ve hemoroid kaynakl\u0131 kanama, anal fiss\u00fcr ve rektum kanserlerine tan\u0131 konularak bu hastal\u0131klar\u0131n tedavisi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Karaci\u011fer hastal\u0131klar\u0131<\/strong><br>Gastroenterologlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan bir di\u011fer hastal\u0131k ise karaci\u011ferdir. Akut ve kronik hepatit yapan nedenlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra alkol ve ila\u00e7lar\u0131n sebep oldu\u011fu karaci\u011fer hastal\u0131klar\u0131, kar\u0131n zar\u0131nda toplanan asitli s\u0131v\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131, karaci\u011fer sirozu ve yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 kanamalar, sirozun neden oldu\u011fu b\u00f6brek yetmezli\u011fi ve siroz sonras\u0131 olu\u015fan karaci\u011fer kanserleri, karaci\u011fer komas\u0131 gibi hastal\u0131klar\u0131n tan\u0131 ve tedavisi ile gastroenterologlar ilgilenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Endoskopi nedir?<\/strong><br>Endoskopi i\u015fleminin di\u011fer bir ad\u0131 da \u2018gastroskopi\u2019dir. Gastroskopi yap\u0131l\u0131rken yemek borusu, yemek borusuyla midenin birle\u015fti\u011fi yer, mide, midenin \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131 ve oniki parmak ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011f\u0131 tetkik edilir. Endoskopide s\u00f6z konusu organlar\u0131n i\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 geli\u015fmi\u015f optik cihazlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla incelenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Endoskopi kimlere yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>45 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc mide rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olanlara<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bulant\u0131, kusma, kilo kayb\u0131 gibi bulgular\u0131 olanlara<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0130la\u00e7l\u0131 tedavinin mide \u015fikayetini ge\u00e7irmedi\u011fi ki\u015filere<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00dcst sindirim sistemi kanamas\u0131 olanlara<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mide filminde \u015f\u00fcpheli g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc olanlara<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mide kanseri \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc olanlara<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Te\u015fhis edilemeyen kar\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 olanlara<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>50 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc ve uzun s\u00fcreli refl\u00fc \u015fikayeti olanlara<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Siroz hastalar\u0131na<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mide \u00fclseri saptanan hastalarda kontrol amac\u0131yla<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nedeni bulunamayan demir eksikli\u011fi ya\u015fayan hastalara<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tan\u0131s\u0131 konulamayan B12 vitamin eksikli\u011fi ya\u015fayan hastalara<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kolonoskopi nedir?<\/strong><br>E\u011fer kal\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131rsak i\u00e7in gastroskopi yap\u0131l\u0131yorsa, bu i\u015fleme \u2018kolonoskopi\u2019 ad\u0131 verilir. Kolonoskopide ucunda kamera olan bir boru ile an\u00fcsen girilir ve kal\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131rsak ile ince ba\u011f\u0131rsaklar\u0131n kal\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131rsa\u011fa kom\u015fu k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenir. Kolonoskopi i\u015fleminden \u00f6nce ba\u011f\u0131rsaklar\u0131n temizlenmesi gerekti\u011finden hastaya m\u00fcshil ilac\u0131 verilir. Kolon (kal\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131rsak) kanseri tan\u0131s\u0131nda en g\u00fcvenilir y\u00f6ntemdir. Kolonoskopide kanser d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kal\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131rsak hastal\u0131klar\u0131 (crohn hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00fclseratif kolit vb.) te\u015fhis ve takibi yap\u0131labilmektedir. Bu y\u00f6ntem ile kal\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131rsak kanamalar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131 ve tedavisi sa\u011flanarak hastalar ameliyat olmaktan kurtulabilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kolonoskopi kimlere yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>50 ya\u015f \u00fczeri gruba ba\u011f\u0131rsak kanserinin erken tan\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in tarama amac\u0131yla<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131rsak filmlerinde \u015f\u00fcpheli g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm olanlarda<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Demir eksikli\u011fi k\u00f6kenli kans\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131rsak kanseri ve polip \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc olanlarda<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Makattan kanamas\u0131 olan ya da d\u0131\u015fk\u0131s\u0131nda gizli kan saptanan hastalarda<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aile geneti\u011finde kolon kanseri olanlarda<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00dclseratif kolit, crohn hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n takibinde<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Uzun s\u00fcreli ishal \u015fikayeti olanlarda<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ERCP nedir?<\/strong><br>Endoskopik bir giri\u015fim olan ERCP (endoskopik retrograd kolanjio pankreatografi) safra ve pankreas kanallar\u0131ndaki t\u0131kay\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131n te\u015fhis ve tedavisinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. ERCP\u2019de \u00f6zel bir endoskop kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Kullan\u0131lan endoskop ile oniki parmak ba\u011f\u0131rsaklar\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131lan safra yollar\u0131 incelenir. Safra ve pankreas kanallar\u0131ndaki hastal\u0131klar\u0131n tan\u0131 ve tedavisini m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>MRCP nedir?<\/strong><br>MRCP\u2019nin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u2018Manyetik Rezonans Kolanjiyo-Pankreatografi\u2019dir. MRCP\u2019de safra kanallar\u0131, safra kesesi ve pankreas kanal\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenmesi MR cihaz\u0131 ile sa\u011flan\u0131r. Giri\u015fimsel bir i\u015flem olmayan ve sadece te\u015fhis amac\u0131yla ba\u015fvurulan MRCP y\u00f6nteminin tedavi edici bir yan\u0131 yoktur. Ultrason, tomografi veya MRCP ile te\u015fhis edilen safra ve pankreas kanal\u0131 ile ilgili hastal\u0131klar\u0131n tedavisi ERCP y\u00f6ntemiyle yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Hangi tedavi ve i\u015flemler yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Yemek borusu hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131 ve tedavisi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mide, ba\u011f\u0131rsak hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131 ve tedavisi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Safra kesesi ve safra yolu hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131 ve tedavisi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hepatit, siroz gibi karaci\u011fer hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131 ve tedavisi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pankreas hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131 ve tedavisi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Endoskopi i\u015flemlerinin uygulanmas\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Poliplerin ameliyats\u0131z al\u0131nmas\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yemek borusu ve mide darl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n balon veya buji ile a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p geni\u015fletilmesi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yemek borusu varislerinde band tedavisi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yemek borusu, mide, kal\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131rsak kanserlerinde beslenmenin sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra t\u0131kanman\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi i\u00e7in s\u00f6z konusu organlara stent tak\u0131lmas\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ERCP ile safra yollar\u0131 ve pankreas kanallar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenmesi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ERCP ile safra yollar\u0131ndan ameliyats\u0131z ta\u015f al\u0131nmas\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ERCP ile safra yollar\u0131 darl\u0131klar\u0131nda stent tak\u0131lmas\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mideye endoskopik y\u00f6ntemle beslenme t\u00fcp\u00fc tak\u0131m\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>24 saatlik pH \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc ile refl\u00fc tan\u0131s\u0131 konmas\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kaps\u00fcl endoskopi uygulamas\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Endoskopik ultrasonografi (EUS) yap\u0131lmas\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Diyetle kilo vermekte ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olunan obezitelerde diyete yard\u0131mc\u0131 mide balonu uygulanmas\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gastroenteroloji, i\u00e7 hastal\u0131klar\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne dahil olan sindirim sistemi hastal\u0131klar\u0131 ile ilgilenen bilim dal\u0131d\u0131r. A\u011f\u0131zdan an\u00fcse kadar t\u00fcm sindirim sistemi organlar\u0131n\u0131n bozukluklar\u0131n\u0131 inceler. Hangi organlar\u0131 inceler? Endoskopik tetkikler aras\u0131nda gastroskopi, duodenoskopi, rektosigmoidoskopi, kolonoskopi gibi uygulamalar mevcuttur. Gastroenteroloji\u2019de endoskopik tan\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ultrason tekni\u011fine de s\u0131k\u00e7a ba\u015fvurulur. Gastroenterolog kimdir?Gastroenterolog, gastroentoloji bilim dal\u0131 ile ilgilenen hekime denir. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":769,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[64,5,4,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-301","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dahiliye","category-genel-cerrahi","category-salgin-hastaliklar","category-uncategorized-tr"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/esencaninternational.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/301","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/esencaninternational.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/esencaninternational.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/esencaninternational.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/esencaninternational.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=301"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/esencaninternational.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/301\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":602,"href":"https:\/\/esencaninternational.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/301\/revisions\/602"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/esencaninternational.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/769"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/esencaninternational.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=301"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/esencaninternational.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=301"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/esencaninternational.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=301"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}